Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning by R. E. Mayer


 What is Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning?



    Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning by R. E. Mayer is a hypothesis that aims to prepare the optimal learning conditions for learners based on three principles of learning. According to the hypothesis, the information given must be presented in both channel(visual/pictorial and auditory/verbal) because the optimal learning happens when the input is taken from different channel; therefore, it is better to use auditory and animation rather than text and animation due to the fact that text and animation both appeal only to one channel-eyes-. Secondly, the information presented must be appropriate for learner’s cognitive system to retain with no redundancy or overabundancy, for each channel has a limited capacity to grasp the information given. Thirdly, the learning process must be coordinated simultaneously in time and space. 

These are prepared in 5 cognitive steps: selecting relevant words from the presented text, selecting relevant images from the graphics, organizing the selected words into a coherent verbal representation, organizing the selected images into a coherent pictorial representation and finally integrating the pictorial and verbal representation and prior knowledge. The main idea of the hypothesis is that active learning takes place when two channels- visual and audial- in a simultaneous way with the information coherent and not extraneous.



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